Tag: 287.3568

Cost-Effectiveness of Reclassifying Triptans in Australia: Application of an Economic Evaluation Approach to Regulatory Decisions. was written by Parkinson, Bonny;Gumbie, Mutsa;Cutler, Henry;Gauld, Natalie;Mumford, Virginia;Haywood, Philip. And the article was included in Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research in 2019.Formula: C16H21N3O2 This article mentions the following:

BACKGROUND: Migraine is a common, chronic, disabling headache disorder. Triptans, used as an acute treatment for migraine, are available via prescription in Australia. An Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) committee rejected reclassifying sumatriptan and zolmitriptan from prescription medicine to pharmacist-only between 2005 and 2009, largely on the basis of concerns about patient risk. Nevertheless, pharmacist-only triptans may reduce migraine duration and free up healthcare resources. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the cost-effectiveness of reclassifying triptans from prescription-only to pharmacist-only in Australia. METHODS: The study design included decision-analytic modeling combining data from various sources. Behavior before and after reclassification was estimated using medical practitioner and patient surveys and also administrative data. Health outcomes included migraine frequency and duration as well as adverse events (AEs) discussed by the TGA committee. Efficacy and AEs were estimated using randomized controlled trials and observational studies. RESULTS: Reclassifying triptans will reduce migraine duration but increase AEs. This will result in 337 quality-adjusted life-years gained at an increased cost of A$5.9 million over 10 years for all Australian adults older than 15 years (19.6 million). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was estimated to be A$17 412/quality-adjusted life-year gained. CONCLUSIONS: The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio is likely to be considered cost-effective by Australian decision makers. Serotonin syndrome, a key concern of the TGA committee, had little impact on the results. Further research is needed regarding pharmacist-only triptan use by migraineurs currently using over-the-counter medicines and by nonmigraineurs, the efficacy of triptans, and the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular AEs and chronic headaches with triptans. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-4-((3-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-1H-indol-5-yl)methyl)oxazolidin-2-one (cas: 139264-17-8Formula: C16H21N3O2).

(S)-4-((3-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-1H-indol-5-yl)methyl)oxazolidin-2-one (cas: 139264-17-8) belongs to oxazolidine derivatives. Oxazolidine-based compounds have started to attract attention also in the medicinal and materials chemistry fields. Oxazolidines are commonly used as metal ligands in asymmetric catalysis, synthetic intermediates in organic synthesis, and also used as the protecting groups.Formula: C16H21N3O2

Referemce:
Oxazolidine – Wikipedia,
Oxazolidine | C3H7NO – PubChem

A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of zolmitriptan nasal spray for the acute treatment of migraine in patients aged 6 to 11 years, with an open-label extension. was written by Yonker, Marcy E;McVige, Jennifer;Zeitlin, Leonid;Visser, Hester. And the article was included in Headache in 2022.Synthetic Route of C16H21N3O2 This article mentions the following:

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of zolmitriptan nasal spray (ZNS) in the acute treatment of migraine headache in patients aged 6 to 11 years. BACKGROUND: Triptans have demonstrated efficacy in adults, but pediatric studies of these agents have largely failed and there are few triptan options for these patients. Because lack of response to 1 triptan does not necessarily preclude response to an alternate triptan, additional triptan options for pediatric patients are desirable. METHODS: This Phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter crossover trial with an open-label extension enrolled patients aged 6 to 11 years with a diagnosis of migraine for ≥6 months and ≥16 headache-free days/month (N = 373). After a run-in period to eliminate placebo responders, 186 patients were randomized within their body weight stratum to ZNS followed by matching placebo, or placebo followed by matching ZNS. Patients <50 kg who were randomly allocated to ZNS were randomized to 5:1 to ZNS 2.5 or 1.0 mg; those ≥50 kg were randomized 5:1 to ZNS 5.0 or 2.5 mg. Patients had 6 weeks to treat 1 moderate to severe migraine headache and then crossed over to the alternate arm, during which they had 6 weeks to treat a second migraine attack. Patients could participate in a subsequent 6-month outpatient open-label extension. The primary efficacy endpoint was pain-free status at 2 h in patients treated with the high dose from each stratum. RESULTS: The trial was terminated early due to slow enrollment. Three hundred patients (mean age, 9 years) entered the placebo run-in period and 186 entered the double-blind period. Pain-free status at 2 h postdose was achieved by 45/133 (33.8%) and 30/128 (23.4%) of patients who received high-dose ZNS and placebo, respectively (p = 0.0777; odds ratio [OR] 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.96, 2.38). Several secondary endpoints achieved statistical significance. There were few treatment-related adverse events and none led to discontinuation. ZNS retained efficacy and demonstrated a consistent safety profile throughout the 6-month open-label extension. CONCLUSION: The effect of high-dose ZNS on the primary endpoint of pain-free status at 2 h did not achieve statistical significance. ZNS was safe and well tolerated in this pediatric population. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-4-((3-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-1H-indol-5-yl)methyl)oxazolidin-2-one (cas: 139264-17-8Synthetic Route of C16H21N3O2).

(S)-4-((3-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-1H-indol-5-yl)methyl)oxazolidin-2-one (cas: 139264-17-8) belongs to oxazolidine derivatives. A common way to produce multisubstituted oxazolidines is by means of cycloaddition reactions. In another report, the incorporation of an additional substituted oxazolidine ring over a range of new biphenylazepinium salt organocatalysts for the asymmetric epoxidation of alkenes improved enantiocontrol over the parent structures.Synthetic Route of C16H21N3O2

Referemce:
Oxazolidine – Wikipedia,
Oxazolidine | C3H7NO – PubChem

Identification of Novel High-Affinity Substrates of OCT1 Using Machine Learning-Guided Virtual Screening and Experimental Validation was written by Jensen, Ole;Brockmoeller, Juergen;Duecker, Christof. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2021.Product Details of 139264-17-8 This article mentions the following:

OCT1 is the most highly expressed cation transporter in the liver and affects pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Newly marketed drugs have previously been screened as potential OCT1 substrates and verified by virtual docking. Here, we used machine learning with transport experiment data to predict OCT1 substrates based on classic mol. descriptors, pharmacophore features, and extended-connectivity fingerprints and confirmed them by in vitro uptake experiments We virtually screened a database of more than 1000 substances. Nineteen predicted substances were chosen for in vitro testing. Sixteen of the 19 newly tested substances (85%) were confirmed as, mostly strong, substrates, including edrophonium, fenpiverinium, ritodrine, and ractopamine. Even without a crystal structure of OCT1, machine learning algorithms predict substrates accurately and may contribute not only to a more focused screening in drug development but also to a better mol. understanding of OCT1 in general. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-4-((3-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-1H-indol-5-yl)methyl)oxazolidin-2-one (cas: 139264-17-8Product Details of 139264-17-8).

(S)-4-((3-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-1H-indol-5-yl)methyl)oxazolidin-2-one (cas: 139264-17-8) belongs to oxazolidine derivatives. Oxazolidine-based compounds have started to attract attention also in the medicinal and materials chemistry fields. Oxazolidines are well known as key portions of bioactive molecules or precursors of chiral molecules, as well as established chiral auxiliaries.Product Details of 139264-17-8

Referemce:
Oxazolidine – Wikipedia,
Oxazolidine | C3H7NO – PubChem

Obesity and Pediatric Drug Development was written by Vaughns, Janelle D.;Conklin, Laurie S.;Long, Ying;Zheng, Panli;Faruque, Fahim;Green, Dionna J.;van den Anker, John N.;Burckart, Gilbert J.. And the article was included in Journal of Clinical Pharmacology in 2018.Synthetic Route of C16H21N3O2 This article mentions the following:

There is a lack of dosing guidelines for use in obese children. Moreover, the impact of obesity on drug safety and clin. outcomes is poorly defined. The paucity of information needed for the safe and effective use of drugs in obese patients remains a problem, even after drug approval. To assess the current incorporation of obesity as a covariate in pediatric drug development, the pediatric medical and clin. pharmacol. reviews under the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Amendments Act of 2007 and the FDA Safety and Innovation Act (FDASIA) of 2012 were reviewed for obesity studies. FDA labels were also reviewed for statements addressing obesity in pediatric patients. Forty-five drugs studied in pediatric patients under the FDA Amendments Act were found to have statements and key words in the medical and clin. pharmacol. reviews and labels related to obesity. Forty-four products were identified similarly with pediatric studies under FDASIA. Of the 89 product labels identified, none provided dosing information related to obesity. The effect of body mass index on drug pharmacokinetics was mentioned in only 4 labels. We conclude that there is little information presently available to provide guidance related to dosing in obese pediatric patients. Moving forward, regulators, clinicians, and the pharmaceutical industry should consider situations in drug development in which the inclusion of obese patients in pediatric trials is necessary to facilitate the safe and effective use of new drug products in the obese pediatric population. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-4-((3-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-1H-indol-5-yl)methyl)oxazolidin-2-one (cas: 139264-17-8Synthetic Route of C16H21N3O2).

(S)-4-((3-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-1H-indol-5-yl)methyl)oxazolidin-2-one (cas: 139264-17-8) belongs to oxazolidine derivatives. Oxazolidines are commonly obtained by reaction of strained heterocycles, mainly aziridines. As well as other multifunctional heterocyclic compounds, oxazolidine rings play an essential role in organic and medicinal chemistry, behaving, in some cases as powerful antitumor agents.Synthetic Route of C16H21N3O2

Referemce:
Oxazolidine – Wikipedia,
Oxazolidine | C3H7NO – PubChem